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The Ivy Plus Scorecard: Bottom 20% vs. Top 1% at Each School

Test-score-adjusted relative attendance rates. Values above 1.0 = over-represented; below 1.0 = under-represented.

★ Harvard and MIT are the only two Ivy Plus schools where bottom-20% students are over-represented relative to top-1% students after controlling for test scores. At Dartmouth and Duke, top-1% students attend at 3–4× the rate of equally-qualified bottom-20% students.

Source: Chetty, Deming & Friedman (2023) | Sorted by gap size