Two-tier C4: programs with field earnings use Tier 1 formula; programs without (†) use Tier 2 (institutional earnings + ROI). Hover/tap for details.
Source: ¹ú²úµÚÒ»¸£ÀûÓ°Ôº²Ý²Ý, 2026 | 518 programs scored | † = Tier 2 C4 (Princeton, Yale, Caltech, Harvey Mudd, Penn earnings suppressed — most graduates go directly to doctoral programs)